Camera-shutter.



W. C. SULLENDER.

CAMERA SHUTTER.

' APPLCATON FILED IAN. 8. 9|5. 1,153,141 PatentedSept. 7, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

.4 TTOR/VEYS 1,153,141.,ll f

i WALTuER CI-IOCLIE SULLENDER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

To all whom/it may concern.'

Be it known that I, IVALTER. C. SULLEN- DER, acitizen of the United-States, and av resident of St; Louis and State lof Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Inmprovements in .Camera-Shutters, of which i the following is a specification.

` `My invention relates to photographic 1cameras, and one of the main objects thereoperativeparts 'in different positions'vthan-.

of is to provide means for delaying or determining the moment of exposure without interference with the duration of the eX- posure, whereby the'operator will have time to be included. in the photographic picture.

'A further object is to provide means for making an instantaneousl exposure at such predetermined delayed moment.

, A,further object is to provide means for making a time exposure of any desired length at such delayed moment.

A further Objectis to provide such a de vice which maybe attached to conventional cameras, as of the hand type, without any material alteration thereof if any; and furtherobjectsy are.' to provide such devices which are simple in construction and use;

positive inaction; well adaptedto the purpose forlwhich they are intended; and comparatively inexpensive.

My invention is fully described in the following specification, of which the accompanyingdrawings form a part, in which like `reference characters are used "to designate.

like parts in each of the views, and 1n 4 which I l Figure 1 is a vertical section taken through .my invention on the line v1-1 of I1 ig. 2; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the device, looking from the. left of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is `a fragmentary View of certain of the las shown in Fig. 1?; Fig. 4 is a similar View with the parts in still different positions;A Fig. 5 is an enlarged, fragmentary, section.

taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; and Fig. Gis a detached', rear, view on a`reduced scale of the shutter disks shown in said preceding figures. l

In the drawings forming a part of this application I have shown a present preferred form of embodiment of my inven-y Specicationof Letters Patent.

CAMERAeSHUTTER.

- Patented Sept. 7, 1915.

Application led January 8, 1915-. Serial No'. 1,143.

spring 12 secured to said shaft and to one of the posts 9, said shaft carrying aratchet 13 normally engaged by a pawl 14 carriedt by a gear 15 connected with a fan governor 16 through a train of gears 17, as in an ordinary clock, a thumb lever 18 being provided which may be moved into or out of the path of movement of said governor toprevent or permit 'such movement. The shaft 10 also has a pinion 19 secured thereto which is en-A meshed with a gear 20 carrying a pin .21 adapted to impinge on an off-set 22 on a vertioally guided rod 23 normally held in uppermost positionby means of a coil spring and the lower end ,of which is pivoted to a latch 24 pivoted to the plate 8 at 25, Fig.' 1, and said rod carries abutton 26 at its upper end, above thevplates 7 and 8, and on the outer side of the camera togive access thereto. l

At 27 I haveshown a shaft journaled in the plates 7 and 8 and tensionally held against rotation by means of cup springs 28, Fig. 5, said sha-ftvcarrying an integral disk 29 having an'l aperture 30 normally in line with the lens 31, Fig. 2, of the camera; said disk carries -a finger 32 at one side of the center, and a projecting portion 33 forming I revoluble on the shaft 27 is a disk 34 having four pins 35, 36, 37, and 38 arranged thereon adjacent its edge and passing over the plane of the disk 29 and closely adjacent the periphery thereof, and the disk 34 is also provided with an aperture 34;L normally arranged at an anglel of 45 degrees with rerspect to the shaft 27 and aperture 30, but adapted to register with the aperture 30 when the disk 34 is revolved as later eX- plained, and the uppervedgxelzof this disk is also cut away to formaL cam. surface 39 in normal registerl with thatxon the disk 29. Resting upon theupperedg'es of the disks 29` and 34 is an angular rod ,40 secured" to a shaft 41 having two arms 42 and 43 thereon. the former of which is adapted to be Vcarried into the path of the governor 16 when the shaft 41. is rocked inthe raising of the rod 40 by the revolution of the disks 29 and 34, one or both, and the latter of which is conloot . moved thereinto.

nected with a coil spring-44 normally .holdi ing the arm 42 out of the path of said governor.

Pivoted at 45 to the disk 34 is aslide 46y slide` against its spring; said slide' also carries a tooth 51 on its upper surface adapted to be engaged by the latch 24I to hold said slide in retracted position when manually Pivoted at 52 is a hooked lever 53 havin a pull button 54 connected with the upper end thereof and by means of which said .lever may be moved into the dotted position shown,- and in which position it is in the path of the p-in on the disk 34, and said lever may be frictionally held in either of its two positions. The hooked end of this lever, whenfinthe dotted position, is also in the path of movement ofa supplemental fan'governor 55 connected, by means of a train of gears56, with ashaft-57 having a winding key 58 thereon to windA up a clock spring`59, saidfshaft also carrying the gear 60 of said train of gears freely revoluble thereon, a .ratchet'61 secured thereto and engaged byf-'a pawl62 carried by the gear 60, and an indicator 63 movable over a dial 64, this ratchet 61 having sixty teeth corre! sponding to the number ofseconds in a minute; the ratchet 61 has an arm 65 secured thereto which projects beyond the periphery thereof to normally bearagainst the lower end of a lever 66 pivote-d at 67, the upper end of which is engaged with a slide-bar 68 guided by posts- 69 and 70 thereover, and 71 thereunder; said bar has two upwardly directed projections '72 and 7 3 which are adapted toy impinge upon the -posts 69 and 70, respectively7 to limit the movement of said bar, in one direction by means of the arm on the ratchet 61 and in the opposite direction by means of a spring 74, and it will be noted that said bar 68 may be moved into the path of movement of the pin 3T l'on the disk 34.

- For instantaneous hand camera exposures the 'thumb lever`18 is moved .into the posi?,

tion shown in full lines in Fig. .1 and the slide 46 is drawn out from the position of the parts shown in Fig. 4 to those shownin `Fig. 1; this slidef movement first movesthe' shutter 34 through `an arc r of 45 degrees at which time the pin 38 engages the finger 32 and both disks are moved through another arc of 45 degrees; the aperture 30 is now in register with the lens 31" butVA the aperture 34av is below the aperture 30, having moved through an arc of 90 degrees whereas the aperture 30 has moved but 45. degrees. This slide movement has carried the tooth 51 thereon beneath and past the latch 24 which descends and locks the slniitter in set position. lhen the button 26 above the device is pressed downwardly the latch 24 releases the slide 46 and the spring SO-forces it to the left through an yare of 45 degrees of a circleand brings the aperture 34"L into register with the aperture 30 and lens'. 31 and the exposure is madezgat this instant the pin 38 strikes the shoulder 33 and both disks are revolved through an arc of 45 degrees, into the positions shown in Fig.' 4. When it is desired to make a time exposure under ordinary conditions the slide 46 is again set as described, the button 54 being then drawn outwardly to move the hooked lever- 53 in the path of the pin 35.; when the button 26 is depressed' the shutter 34 revolves through an are of 45 degrees to carry the a] aerture'34 into register with the aperture 30 and lens 31, but, at this instant, the pin 35 strikes against the hooked lever 53 and the further revolution of the disk 34 is prevented;v when a sufficiently long exposure has been made, the button 54 isforced inwardly to release the pin 35 from the lever 53 and both disks are carried into the positions shown in Fig. Kil, the exposure having been made. In this connection it will be noted that, in the, setting of the'shutter, the

disk apertures ,de not jointly registerl with the lens, and ythe plate orliilm is not,.there Y lfore, fogged.

-20 may onlyvmove at a speed determined b v thewind resistance of the governor 16, and a considerable period passes before the pin 21 is carried around to the top of the oil-set to depress the rod 23 and release the slide 46 to make the eXposure; while it is preferable to give as much time' as possible before the exposure, the operator need not turn the gear 20 entirely around, but may be guided by experienoe in allowing himself only the necessary time between setting and exposure.v For. adelayed time exposure the last operationpf setting the camera is repeated, the keyf4 58 beingv then turned to revolve the"5 ratchet 61 for a distance of as, many teeth thereon as the number of secthe delayed instantaneousexposure, and the operator may move into' the iield of the camera. -1 i -When the rod 23 is depressed by the pin 21 on the gear 20 the disk 34 revolves through an are of degrees to register the' aperture 34a with the lens, but at this 1nstant the pin 37 on the disk 34 strikes against the slide 68 and the further movement of the said disk is prevented, the parts now being in the positions shown in Fig. 3; this movement of the disk has moved the arm 42 into the path of the governor'l and has released the governor which begins to revolve and continues to do so until the arm 65 on the ratchet 61 moves the slide 68 into normal` position, atl which time the disk 34 is released and the shutter closes, the pin 35 automatically moving down to lock the governor 55 against revolution.

The governor 55 is so constructedl as to insure a speed of movement to the ratchet 61 equal to one second of time for the distance between two teeth and, if the ratchet has been moved live teeth in setting, the duration of the exposure will be ve seconds. Inasmuch as it is not desirable to permit more unwinding of the clock spring 12 than is necessary to. release the shutter, I employ the arm 42 to block the governor 16, this being done by the rod 40 being raised tronrthe short radius of the disk 34 at the. cam to the longer radius thereof, and I may employ the indicator 63 and dial 64 on (the outside of a camera to enable the operator to set7 the device for any desired duration of exposure.

It will thus be seen that I may use a,

camera provided with my invention in the yusual way, and I may also materially `delay either instantaneousor time exposures and 1nake'the-latter of Iany number of seconds duration up to one minute, there being sixty I teeth on the ratchet 61.

ll'hile I have-shown a' present preferred form of embodiment of my invention, I do vvnot limit myself thereto, but may make changes thereover,l within the scope of thev following claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages.

Having fully described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is p 1. The combination with the lens of a wment, and of both elements.

lens,v a supplemental element provided with n an-aperture normally out of register therewith, means for moving said last named element to carry its aperture into register with said lens, means for moving both said elements to carry both apertures out of register with said lens, means for setting said elements, means for releasing the same, means for delaying the movement of said elements after being released, and means for controlling the duration of time between the movement of said first moved ele- 2. 'Ihe .combination with a lens of a camera of a movable element provided with an aperture in normal register with said lens, a supplemental element provided with an aperture normally out of register therewith, means for moving said 'last named element to carry its aperture into register with said lens, means for lmoving both said elements tol carry both apertures out of register with said lens, means for setting said elements, means for releasing the same, means for delaying the movement of said elements after being released, and a train of gears, spring actuated, for controlling the duration of time between the movement of said first moved element, and of both elements.

3. IIhe combination with the lens of a camera; of a movable element` provided with an aperture in normal register with said lens, a supplementalelement provided with an aperture normally out of register therewith, means for moving said supplemental element to carry its aperture into` register with said lens, means for moving both said elements `to carry both apertures out of register with said lens, means for setting said elements, means for releasing the same, and means for controlling the duration of time between the movement of said first moved element, and of both elements.

4. The combination withI the lens of a camera; of a movable element' provided with an aperture in normal register with said lens, a supplemental element provided with an aperture normally out of register therewith, means for moving said supplemental element to carry its aperture into register with said lens, a slide for stopping said supplemental element in such position, means for moving both elementsto carry both elements outof register with said lens, means for setting said elements, means for releasing the same, and .means for actuating said slide at a predeteri'nined interval of time after the movement of said supplemental element to permit the movement of both elements.

' 5. The combination with the lens ot a. camera; of a movable e/lement provided with an aperture in normal register with said lens, a supplemental element provided with anv aperture normally out of register therewith, means for moving said supplemental element to carry its aperture into register With said lens, means for moving both said elements to carry both apertures out of register with said lens, means for setting said elements, Ameans for releasing'.

and means connected With onefof said ele ments for preventing the actuation. of said control means previous to the movementof said supplemental element into lens registering position.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses; A

' WALTER IIOCLIE SULLENDER. lVitnesses JONAS LARssoN, JESSE PRUrrT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of atents,

Washington, D. C. 

